Detection of germ-cell tumor cells in the peripheral blood by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for alpha-fetoprotein-messenger RNA and beta human chorionic gonadotropin-messenger RNA.

Abstract

By establishing sensitive nested reverse transcription-PCRs for the detection of mRNA of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta human chorionic gonadotropin (betahCG), we investigated the presence of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of 119 patients with germ-cell tumor. A total of 336 blood samples obtained before and during therapy were examined with regard to clinical applicability. The overall ratio of positive PCR results was 26.5% and was independent of the serum concentration of AFP and hCG/betahCG. No correlation of the positivity for AFP-mRNA to serum AFP level was found. In contrast, positive results in betahCG-PCR were twice as frequent in patients with elevated serum hCG/betahCG levels as in those with normal serum hCG/betahCG levels (P = 0.012). To develop a valid correlation to tumor stage, tumor histology, and serum level of tumor markers, a subgroup of 36 patients was evaluated before definite therapy. The subgroup revealed an overall ratio of 33.3% positive PCR results. The serum level of both of the markers did not correlate with the detection of corresponding mRNA in peripheral blood samples. However, positive betahCG-PCR results were found exclusively in patients with elevated serum hCG/betahCG (6 of 18 versus 0 of 18; P = 0.019). Patients with stage IIC/III germ-cell tumor demonstrated nearly twice the frequency of positive PCR results as patients with stage I tumor [7 (41.2%) of 17 versus 4 (23.5%) of 17] in this subgroup. With regard to histology, positive PCR results were found mostly in embryonal carcinoma.

• Authors: A L Hautkappe, M Lu, H Mueller, A Bex, A Harstrick, M Roggendorf, H Ruebben
• Journal: Cancer research (Cancer Res) Vol. 60 Issue 12 Pg. 3170-4 (Jun 15 2000) ISSN: 0008-5472 [Print] United States
• PMID: 10866307 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human
• RNA, Messenger
• alpha-Fetoproteins

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Biomarkers, Tumor (blood, metabolism)
• Case-Control Studies
• Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human (blood)
• Germinoma (blood)
• Humans
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (metabolism)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• RNA, Messenger (blood)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Seminoma (blood, metabolism)
• Testicular Neoplasms (blood)
• alpha-Fetoproteins (genetics, metabolism)