Amyloid hexapeptide prevent dental caries by antibiofilm formation.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

Biofilm formed by cariogenic microbes is the direct cause of dental caries, therefore, prevention of dental caries should be anti-biofilm-based. Previously, we found the amyloid hexapeptides efficiently inhibited biofilm formation by aggregating into amyloid fibrils agglutinating microbes. This study aimed to select the most stable amyloid hexapeptide GIDLKI (GI6) and study its anti-caries effect.

METHODS:

Biofilms of multi-species bacteria, derived from mixed saliva, were cultured to evaluate the anti-biofilm formation effect of GI6. And then, the primary cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) was cultured in BHI with various pH, gradient concentrations of sucrose, glucose, and calcium ions to evaluate the anti-biofilm formation effects of GI6. Then models of human enamel block caries and twenty male SPF-SD rat caries induced by S. mutans biofilm were constructed, and confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and micro-computed tomography were applied to investigate the anti-biofilm formation, anti-caries effects and use safety of GI6.

RESULTS:

GI6 could inhibit the multi-species bacteria biofilm formation and remained effective in anti-biofilm activity against S. mutans in environments closely related to caries. GI6 suppressed S. mutans biofilm formation and thus prevented or alleviated the development of caries in human tooth blocks and rat teeth. GI6 did not affect the intestinal flora, serum biochemical parameters, and the pathological changes of various organs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Amyloid hexapeptides, including but not limited to GI6, are novel effective anti-caries agents that can be used to prevent dental caries safely.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:

This study explored the anti-biofilm formation and anti-caries effect of GI6 in vitro, highlighting the anti-biofilm formation therapy for dental caries and setting a foundation for the practical application of GI6 for the treatment of dental caries.

• Authors: Yiyi Huang, Tingyu Wang, Yucong Chen, Huancai Lin, Dongru Chen
• Journal: Journal of dentistry (J Dent) Vol. 135 Pg. 104596 (Aug 2023) ISSN: 1879-176X [Electronic] England
• PMID: 37353107 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Chemical References

• Amyloid
• Cariostatic Agents

Topics

• Animals
• Rats
• Male
• Humans
• Dental Caries (prevention & control, microbiology)
• Amyloid (pharmacology)
• Cariostatic Agents (pharmacology)
• X-Ray Microtomography
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Streptococcus mutans
• Biofilms