Abstract | AIM: METHODS: Top 30 GAD65 peptides, found to strongly bind in silico with HLA-DR3/DQ2 molecules, were selected and grouped into four pools. The peptides were used to stimulate CD4 T cells of study subjects in 16-h peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture. CD4 T cells' stimulation in terms of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-10 expression was analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Although all four GAD65 peptide pools (PP1-4) resulted in significantly higher expression of IFN-γ by CD4 T cells (p = .003, p < .0001, p = .026, and p = .002, respectively), only pool 2 showed significant increase in IL-17 expression (p < .0001) in T1D patients vs healthy controls. Interpeptide group comparison for immunogenicity revealed significantly higher IFN-γ and IL-17 expressions and significantly lower IL-10 expression for PP2 compared to other groups (p < .0001, p = .02, and p = .04, respectively) in patients but not in controls. Further, group 2 peptides resulted in significant increase in CD4 T cells' expression of IFN-γ and IL-17 (p = .002 for both) and significant decrease in IL-10 (p = .04) in HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02+ patients vs HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02+ controls. The CD4 T cells' expression of IL-17 was significantly higher (p = .03) in recently diagnosed vs long-standing HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02+ T1D patients. CONCLUSION: GAD65 peptides, particularly those belonging to PP2, induced CD4 T cells to express IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokines in T1D patients, suggesting that group 2 peptides possibly presented by HLA-DR3 molecule to CD4 T cells shift immune balance toward inflammatory phenotype in patients.
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Authors | Neihenuo Chuzho, Neetu Mishra, Nikhil Tandon, Uma Kanga, Gunja Mishra, Akanksha Sharma, Narinder K Mehra, Neeraj Kumar |
Journal | Journal of diabetes
(J Diabetes)
Vol. 15
Issue 7
Pg. 607-621
(Jul 2023)
ISSN: 1753-0407 [Electronic] Australia |
PMID | 37309552
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes published by Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. |
Chemical References |
- HLA-DR3 Antigen
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-17
- HLA-DRB1 Chains
- Glutamate Decarboxylase
- Peptides
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Topics |
- Humans
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
(metabolism)
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
(genetics)
- HLA-DR3 Antigen
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-17
- HLA-DRB1 Chains
(genetics)
- Glutamate Decarboxylase
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear
- Peptides
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