Oleuropein reduces LPS-induced inflammation via stimulating M2 macrophage polarization.

Abstract

Oleuropein (OLEU) is the most prevalent phenolic component in olive varieties, and it has been considered for its powerful antioxidant properties in therapeutic applications. OLEU has anti-inflammatory properties and performs this property by suppressing inflammatory cells' function and reducing oxidative stress caused by various factors. This study investigated the ability of OLEU to polarize LPS-stimulated murine macrophage (MQ) cell RAW 264.7 into M1/M2 macrophages. As a first step, the cytotoxicity effects of OLEU were evaluated on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells using the thiazolyl blue (MTT) colorimetric test. Then, cytokines production, gene expression (Real-Time PCR), and functions (Nitrite oxide assay and phagocytosis assay) of OLEU-treated LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were evaluated. Our findings demonstrated that OLEU could reduce nitrite oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by downregulating the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression. Furthermore, OLEU therapy decreases the expression of M1-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines production (IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) and genes expression (iNOS, TNF-α) while increasing the M2-associated anti-inflammatory gene expression and cytokines production (IL-10, and TGF-β). Based on the result, OLEU may be considered a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory diseases due to its possible effects on oxidative stress-related factors, cytokine expression and production, and phagocytosis.

• Authors: Zahra Mirsanei, Neda Heidari, Ali Hazrati, Yahya Asemani, Bahare Niknam, Zahra Yousefi, Reza Jafari
• Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (Biomed Pharmacother) Vol. 163 Pg. 114857 (Jul 2023) ISSN: 1950-6007 [Electronic] France
• PMID: 37178576 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Lipopolysaccharides
• oleuropein
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• Nitrites
• Cytokines
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
• Nitric Oxide

Topics

• Mice
• Animals
• Lipopolysaccharides (adverse effects)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (metabolism)
• Nitrites (metabolism)
• Macrophages (metabolism)
• Inflammation (chemically induced, drug therapy, genetics)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (therapeutic use)
• RAW 264.7 Cells
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (metabolism)
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)