Abstract |
Rapid eye movement ( REM) sleep deprivation triggers mania and induces cardiac fibrosis. Beyond neuroprotection, lithium has cardioprotective potential and antifibrotic activity. This study investigated whether lithium improved REM sleep deprivation-induced cardiac dysfunction and evaluated the potential mechanisms. Transthoracic echocardiography, histopathological analysis, and Western blot analysis were performed in control and REM sleep-deprived rats with or without lithium treatment (LiCl of 1 mmol/kg/day administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks) in vivo and in isolated ventricular preparations. The results revealed that REM sleep-deprived rats exhibited impaired contractility and greater fibrosis than control and lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived rats. Western blot analysis showed that REM sleep-deprived hearts had higher expression levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), phosphorylated Smad 2/3, and alpha-smooth muscle actin than lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived and control hearts. Moreover, lithium-treated REM sleep-deprived hearts had lower expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B p65, calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1, transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 1, and TRPC3 than REM sleep-deprived hearts. The findings suggest that lithium attenuates REM sleep deprivation-induced cardiac fibrogenesis and dysfunction possibly through the downregulation of TGF-β, angiotensin II, and Ca2+ signaling.
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Authors | Pao-Huan Chen, Cheng-Chih Chung, Shuen-Hsin Liu, Yu-Hsun Kao, Yi-Jen Chen |
Journal | International journal of molecular sciences
(Int J Mol Sci)
Vol. 23
Issue 19
(Sep 23 2022)
ISSN: 1422-0067 [Electronic] Switzerland |
PMID | 36232526
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Actins
- Lithium Compounds
- NF-kappa B
- ORAI1 Protein
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
- Transforming Growth Factor beta
- Angiotensin II
- Lithium
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Topics |
- Actins
(metabolism)
- Angiotensin II
(metabolism)
- Animals
- Heart Diseases
- Lithium
(pharmacology, therapeutic use)
- Lithium Compounds
- NF-kappa B
(metabolism)
- ORAI1 Protein
- Rats
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
(metabolism)
- Sleep Deprivation
(complications, drug therapy, metabolism)
- Sleep, REM
- Transforming Growth Factor beta
(metabolism)
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