Effect of HIV and antiretroviral therapy use on body weight changes in a cohort of U.S. veterans living with and without HIV.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

People living with HIV have high rates of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. Our study sought to evaluate weight trajectory in a retrospective cohort of people living with HIV and matched HIV-negative veterans (controls) and to evaluate risk factors for weight gain.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective database analysis of data extracted from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse that included people living with HIV (n = 22 421) and age-matched HIV-negative controls (n = 63 072). The main outcomes were baseline body weight and weight change from baseline at 1, 2, and 5 years after diagnosis (baseline visit for controls).

RESULTS:

Body weight at baseline was lower in people living with HIV than in controls. People living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) gained more weight than did controls. In a sub-analysis of ART-exposed people living with HIV, age >50 years, African American race, body mass index (BMI) <25, CD4 ≤200, and HIV diagnosis year after 2000 were associated with more weight gain at year 1. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) plus non-NRTIs (NNRTIs) were associated with less weight gain than NRTIs plus protease inhibitors, NRTIs plus integrase inhibitors, or NRTIs plus other agents at year 1.

CONCLUSIONS:

Among US veterans, those living with HIV had lower rates of obesity than age-matched HIV-negative controls; however, primarily in the first 2 years after starting ART, people living with HIV gained more weight than did controls.

• Authors: Jose M Garcia, Yongquan Dong, Peter Richardson, Jennifer R Kramer, Christine M Hartman, Kathryn Royse, Donna L White, Elizabeth Y Chiao
• Journal: HIV medicine (HIV Med) Vol. 24 Issue 2 Pg. 180-190 (02 2023) ISSN: 1468-1293 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 35929183 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
• Copyright: © 2022 British HIV Association.

Chemical References

• Anti-HIV Agents
• Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Topics

• Humans
• Middle Aged
• HIV Infections (complications, drug therapy)
• Retrospective Studies
• Veterans
• Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)
• Body Weight
• Obesity (complications, epidemiology)
• Weight Gain
• Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (therapeutic use)