Tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by high
glutathione (GSH), high
hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and acidic pH levels, is favorable for the growth, invasion and
metastasis of
cancer cells. Taking advantage of the specific characteristics of
tumors, TME-responsive GCBD NPs are designed to deliver nanoscale coordination
polymers (NCPs, GA-Cu) and
chemotherapy drugs (
doxorubicin, DOX) based on
bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocarriers into
cancer cells for combined chemodynamic
therapy (CDT) and
chemotherapy. In an acidic environment, GCBD NPs could release approximately 90%
copper ions, which can not only consume overexpressed GSH to modulate the TME but can also react with endogenous H2O2 in a Fenton-like reaction to achieve the CDT effect. Meanwhile, the released DOX could enter the nucleus of
tumor cells and affect their proliferation to achieve efficient
chemotherapy. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that GCBD NPs had good biosafety and could effectively inhibit the growth of
cancer cells. GCBD NPs are promising as a biocompatible nanoplatform to exploit TME characteristics for combined chemo and chemodynamic
therapy, providing a novel strategy to eradicate
tumors with high efficiency and specificity.