High-resolution CT findings of pulmonary infections in patients with hematologic malignancy: comparison between patients with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of pulmonary infections in patients with hematologic malignancy and compare them between patients with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 128 patients with hematologic malignancy and pulmonary infection were included in this study. The diagnoses of the patients consisted of bacterial pneumonia (37 non-HSCT cases and 14 HSCT cases), pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) (29 non-HSCT cases and 11 HSCT cases), and fungal infection other than PCP (20 non-HSCT cases and 17 HSCT cases). Two chest radiologists retrospectively evaluated the HRCT criteria and compared them using chi-squared tests and a multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS:

According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, nodules were an indicator in HSCT patients with PCP (p = 0.025; odds ratio, 5.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-26.6). The centrilobular distribution of nodules was the most frequent (n = 4, 36%) in HSCT patients with PCP. A mosaic pattern was an indicator of PCP in both HSCT and non-HSCT patients. There were no significant differences in other infections.

CONCLUSION:

The mosaic pattern could be an indicator of PCP in both HSCT and non-HSCT patients. Nodules with centrilobular distribution might be relatively frequent HRCT findings of PCP in HSCT patients.

• Authors: Yoshie Kunihiro, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Reo Kawano, Toshiaki Yujiri, Kazuhiro Ueda, Toshikazu Gondo, Taiga Kobayashi, Tsuneo Matsumoto, Katsuyoshi Ito
• Journal: Japanese journal of radiology (Jpn J Radiol) Vol. 40 Issue 8 Pg. 791-799 (Aug 2022) ISSN: 1867-108X [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 35284995 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s).

Topics

• Hematologic Neoplasms (complications, diagnostic imaging, therapy)
• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Humans
• Retrospective Studies
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed