Epidemiological survey of the status of iodine nutrition and thyroid diseases in Guangxi, China.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To survey the status of iodine nutrition and the prevalence of thyroid diseases in Guangxi, China, and to explore the risk factors for positive thyroid antibody.

METHODS:

We used the multistage stratified cluster random sampling method to select a total of 2488 subjects from an urban and a rural location. All the subjects completed a questionnaire survey, blood and urine samples were also collected, and B-mode thyroid ultrasound was used to determine thyroid function and detect thyroid antibodies.

RESULTS:

1) The median level of urinary iodine was 148.53 μg/L in school-age children in Guangxi, China. 2) The prevalence rates for thyroid diseases were as follows: hyperthyroidism, 0.89 %; subclinical hyperthyroidism, 1.05 %; hypothyroidism, 0.69 %; and subclinical hypothyroidism, 8.87 %. The rates of thyroid antibody positivity were as follows: thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), 13.60 %; thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), 13.60 %; thyroid antibodies, 18.2 %; and thyroid nodules, 16.94 %. 3) The rate of TPOAb positivity was significantly higher in women aged 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, or 60-69 years than in men in the same age groups (P < 0.05), and the TGAb positivity rate was significantly higher in women than in men of the same age group (P < 0.05). 4) The rate of thyroid antibody positivity was significantly higher in individuals with iodine deficiency than in individuals with adequate iodine (21.6 % vs 18.4 %) or excess iodine (21.6 % vs 15.5 %) (both P < 0.05). 5) The female sex and a family history of thyroid diseases were the major risk factors for thyroid antibody positivity (odds ratio [OR] 3.010, P <0.05; OR 2.486, P <0.05).

CONCLUSION:

The overall level of iodine is adequate in Guangxi, China; this level should be maintained to prevent the thyroid diseases related with iodine deficiency or excess of iodine. Female sex and a family history of thyroid diseases are independent risk factors for thyroid antibody positivity.

• Authors: Li-Heng Meng, Cui-Hong Chen, Ying Liu, Xing-Huan Liang, Jia Zhou, Jing Xian, Li Li, Jie Zhang, Zhen-Xing Huang, Ying-Fen Qin
• Journal: Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) (J Trace Elem Med Biol) Vol. 70 Pg. 126918 (Mar 2022) ISSN: 1878-3252 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 34954562 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Thyrotropin
• Iodine
• Iodide Peroxidase

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Child
• China (epidemiology)
• Female
• Humans
• Hypothyroidism (chemically induced, epidemiology)
• Iodide Peroxidase
• Iodine (urine)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Thyroid Diseases (epidemiology)
• Thyrotropin
• Young Adult