Comparative Immunogenicity and Effectiveness of mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 Vaccines.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Understanding immunogenicity and effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines is critical to guide rational use.

METHODS:

We compared the immunogenicity of mRNA-1273, BNT-162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S in healthy ambulatory adults. We performed an inverse-variance meta-analysis of population-level effectiveness from public health reports in > 40 million individuals.

RESULTS:

A single dose of either mRNA vaccine yielded comparable antibody and neutralization titers to convalescent individuals. Ad26.COV2.S yielded lower antibody concentrations and frequently undetectable neutralization titers. Bulk and cytotoxic T-cell responses were higher in mRNA1273 and BNT162b2 than Ad26.COV2.S recipients. Regardless of vaccine, <50% of vaccinees demonstrated CD8+ T-cell responses. Antibody concentrations and neutralization titers increased comparably after the first dose of either vaccine, and further in recipients of a second dose. Prior infection was associated with high antibody concentrations and neutralization even after a single dose and regardless of vaccine. Neutralization of Beta, Gamma, and Delta strains were poorer regardless of vaccine. In meta-analysis, relative to mRNA1273 the effectiveness of BNT162b2 was lower against infection and hospitalization, and Ad26COV2.S was lower against infection, hospitalization, and death.

CONCLUSIONS:

Variation in the immunogenicity correlates with variable effectiveness of the 3 vaccines deployed in the United States.

• Authors: Vivek Naranbhai, Wilfredo F Garcia-Beltran, Christina C Chang, Cristhian Berrios Mairena, Julia C Thierauf, Grace Kirkpatrick, Maristela L Onozato, Ju Cheng, Kerri J St Denis, Evan C Lam, Clarety Kaseke, Rhoda Tano-Menka, Diane Yang, Maia Pavlovic, Wendy Yang, Alexander Kui, Tyler E Miller, Michael G Astudillo, Jennifer E Cahill, Anand S Dighe, David J Gregory, Mark C Poznansky, Gaurav D Gaiha, Alejandro B Balazs, A John Iafrate
• Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases (J Infect Dis) Vol. 225 Issue 7 Pg. 1141-1150 (04 01 2022) ISSN: 1537-6613 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 34888672 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Ad26COVS1
• COVID-19 Vaccines
• Vaccines, Synthetic
• mRNA Vaccines
• 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273
• BNT162 Vaccine

Topics

• 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273
• Ad26COVS1
• Adult
• BNT162 Vaccine
• COVID-19 (prevention & control)
• COVID-19 Vaccines
• Humans
• Immunogenicity, Vaccine
• SARS-CoV-2 (genetics)
• Vaccines, Synthetic
• mRNA Vaccines