Case report: Infrequent littoral cell angioma of the spleen.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE:

Littoral cell angioma is a rare solid spleen tumor with uncertain malignant potential. It is usually asymptomatic; therefore, its diagnosis is usually incidental. There are approximately 150 cases reported in the medical literature, but none of them in the Hispanic population.

CASE PRESENTATION:

We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who presented to our clinic with nonspecific abdominal pain. Imaging studies show a splenic mass with littoral cell angioma characteristics. The patient underwent an open splenectomy with subsequent histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies that confirmed the presence of a littoral cell angioma of a diameter of 8 × 4.5 × 3.5 cm. The patient was discharged after an uneventful postoperative recovery and was referred to the outpatient clinic for follow up.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION:

This case report highlights the close relationship between the littoral cell angioma, neoplasias, and autoimmune diseases. Even though LCA has a good prognosis, there is still the possibility of malignant transformation, especially when the spleen weighs 1500 g; our patient's sample pointed towards a benign pathology. LCA has a positive IHC for endothelial and histiocyte tissues. The IHC results of our patient were positive for CD34+ and CD68+, confirming the LCA diagnosis.

CONCLUSION:

Within red pulp spleen tumors, LCA should be highly considered as a differential diagnosis in all types of populations. In the case of a confirmed LCA, routine screening for neoplasias and autoimmune diseases should be performed.

• Authors: Estefania Roldan-Vasquez, Ana Roldan-Vasquez, Xavier Jarrin-Estupiñan, Juan Roldan-Crespo
• Journal: International journal of surgery case reports (Int J Surg Case Rep) Vol. 85 Pg. 106242 (Aug 2021) ISSN: 2210-2612 [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 34333257 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.