To explore the expressions of
calculus-related functional
proteins in the
ureteral calculus-adhered
polyp tissues and investigate the role of these
proteins in the formation of adhesions between the
calculus and
polyp.Patients with
ureteral calculi and
polyps who underwent ureteroscopic
lithotripsy for the excision of
polyps between January 2019 and June 2019 were enrolled.
Polyps obtained from each patient were divided into 2 groups using a matched pairs design: observation group (
polyps adhered to
calculus) and control group (
polyps not adhered to
calculus). Histopathological examination of
polyps was performed using
hematoxylin and
eosin staining.
Polyp tissues were immunohistochemically stained to assess the expressions of
calculus-related functional
proteins, that is,
annexin A1,
calcium-binding protein S100A9 (S100A9),
uromodulin, and
osteopontin. Furthermore, quantitative analysis was performed using the H-score of tissue staining; Pearson correlation analysis was performed for
proteins with high expression.Overall, 40
polyp specimens were collected from 20 patients with
ureteral calculi combined with
polyps (observation group, 20 specimens; control group, 20 specimens).
Hematoxylin and
eosin staining revealed obvious epithelial cell proliferation in
polyps of both groups; crystals were observed in the epithelial cells of the
polyp tissue in the observation group. The expression levels of
annexin A1 and S100A9 in the observation group were significantly greater than those in the control group (P < .05). However, no obvious expression of
osteopontin or
uromodulin was observed in the
polyp tissues of both groups. There was a strong correlation between the increased expressions of
annexin A1 and S100A9 in the observation group (R = 0.741, P = .022).We documented increased expressions of
annexin A1 and S100A9 in the
ureteral calculus-adhered
polyp tissues.
Annexin A1 and S100A9 may play an essential role in the adhesion of
calculus and
polyp and the growth of
calculi.