Postprandial
lipemia plays an important role in the formation, occurrence, and development of
atherosclerosis, and it is closely related to
coronary heart disease and other diseases involving endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress,
inflammation, and other mechanisms. Therefore, it has become a focus area for further research. The studies on postprandial
lipemia mainly include TG, TRL, VLDL, CM, and remnant
cholesterol. Diurnal
triglyceride patterns and postprandial
hyperlipidemia are very relevant and are now insufficiently covered. The possible mechanisms between postprandial
lipemia and
cardiovascular disease have been reviewed in this article by referring to relevant literature in recent years. The research progress on the effects of postprandial
lipemia on endothelial function, oxidative stress, and
inflammation is highlighted. The intervention of postprandial
lipemia is discussed. Non-medicinal intervention such as diet and exercise improves postprandial
lipemia. As medicinal intervention,
statin,
fibrate,
ezetimibe,
omega-3 fatty acids, and
niacin have been found to improve postprandial
lipid levels. Novel medications such as
pemafibrate, PCSK9, and apoCIII inhibitors have been the focus of research in recent years. Gut microbiota is closely related to lipid metabolism, and some studies have indicated that intestinal microorganisms may affect lipid metabolism as environmental factors. Whether intervention of gut microbiota can reduce postprandial
lipemia, and therefore against AS, may be worthy of further study.