Associations between markers of cellular and humoral immunity to rubella virus following a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Rubella virus (RV) was eliminated in the United States in 2004, although a small portion of the population fails to develop long-term immunity against RV even after two doses of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. We hypothesized that inherent biological differences in cytokine and chemokine signaling likely govern an individual's response to a third dose of the vaccine.

METHODS:

Healthy young women (n = 97) were selected as study participants if they had either low or high extremes of RV-specific antibody titer after two previous doses of MMR vaccine. We measured cytokine and chemokine secretion from RV-stimulated PBMCs before and 28 days after they received a third dose of MMR vaccine and assessed correlations with humoral immune response outcomes.

RESULTS:

High and low antibody vaccine responders exhibited a strong pro-inflammatory cellular response, with an underlying Th1-associated signature (IL-2, IFN-γ, MIP-1β, IP-10) and suppressed production of most Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13). IL-10 and IL-4 exhibited significant negative associations with neutralizing antibody titers and memory B cell ELISpot responses among low vaccine responders.

CONCLUSION:

IL-4 and IL-10 signaling pathways may be potential targets for understanding and improving the immune response to rubella vaccination or for designing new vaccines that induce more durable immunity.

• Authors: Stephen N Crooke, Inna G Ovsyannikova, Richard B Kennedy, Nathaniel D Warner, Gregory A Poland
• Journal: Vaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 38 Issue 50 Pg. 7897-7904 (11 25 2020) ISSN: 1873-2518 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 33158591 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Chemokines
• Cytokines
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Topics

• Adult
• Chemokines (immunology, metabolism)
• Cytokines (immunology, metabolism)
• Female
• Humans
• Immunity, Cellular
• Immunity, Humoral
• Immunization Schedule
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (immunology, metabolism)
• Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Middle Aged
• Rubella (immunology, prevention & control)
• Young Adult