Solriamfetol for the Treatment of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Participants with Narcolepsy with and without Cataplexy: Subgroup Analysis of Efficacy and Safety Data by Cataplexy Status in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Solriamfetol, a dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, improved wakefulness and reduced excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in studies of participants with narcolepsy with and without cataplexy.

OBJECTIVE:

Prespecified subgroup analyses of data from a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of solriamfetol for EDS in narcolepsy evaluated the efficacy and safety of solriamfetol by cataplexy status.

METHODS:

Participants with narcolepsy received solriamfetol (75, 150, or 300 mg/day) or placebo and were stratified by cataplexy status. Coprimary endpoints were change from baseline on Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) was the key secondary endpoint. Change in frequency of cataplexy attacks was evaluated in participants reporting cataplexy at baseline. Safety was evaluated. No adjustments were made for multiple comparisons; therefore p values are nominal.

RESULTS:

There were 117 participants in the cataplexy subgroup and 114 in the non-cataplexy subgroup. At week 12, least-squares (LS) mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) differences from placebo on change from baseline in MWT for solriamfetol 75, 150, and 300 mg in the cataplexy subgroup were 1.6 (- 3.6 to 6.9), 6.1 (0.7-11.4), and 8.9 (3.5-14.2) minutes, respectively (p < 0.05; 150 and 300 mg), and in the non-cataplexy subgroup were 3.4 (- 1.9 to 8.7), 9.1 (3.8-14.3), and 11.2 (5.8-16.6) minutes, respectively (p < 0.001; 150 and 300 mg). At week 12, LS mean (95% CI) differences from placebo on ESS change from baseline for solriamfetol 75, 150, and 300 mg in the cataplexy subgroup were - 1.3 (- 3.9 to 1.3), - 3.7 (- 6.4 to - 1.1), and - 4.5 (- 7.1 to - 1.9), respectively (p < 0.01; 150 and 300 mg), and in the non-cataplexy subgroup were - 3.0 (- 5.6 to - 0.4), - 3.7 (- 6.3 to - 1.2), and - 4.9 (- 7.6 to - 2.2), respectively (p < 0.05; all doses). For PGI-C at week 12, the mean percentage difference from placebo (95% CI) for solriamfetol 75, 150, and 300 mg in the cataplexy subgroup was 10% (- 15 to 35), 33% (9-57), and 39% (16-61), respectively (p < 0.05; 150 and 300 mg), and in the non-cataplexy subgroup was 48% (25-70), 44% (21-67), and 52% (30-73), respectively (p < 0.001; all doses), with somewhat differential treatment effects for 75 mg by cataplexy status. No changes in the number of cataplexy attacks were observed for solriamfetol compared with placebo (mean ± standard deviation changes: - 3.6 ± 13.3 [combined solriamfetol] and - 3.5 ± 9.8 [placebo]). Common adverse events (headache, nausea, decreased appetite, and nasopharyngitis) were similar between cataplexy subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS:

These data strongly indicate that solriamfetol was effective in treating EDS in participants with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy, as indicated by robust effects on MWT, ESS, and PGI-C. The safety profile was similar regardless of cataplexy status.

TRIAL REGISTRATION AND DATE:

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02348593. 28 January 2015.

• Authors: Yves Dauvilliers, Colin Shapiro, Geert Mayer, Gert Jan Lammers, Helene Emsellem, Giuseppe Plazzi, Dan Chen, Lawrence P Carter, Lawrence Lee, Jed Black, Michael J Thorpy
• Journal: CNS drugs (CNS Drugs) Vol. 34 Issue 7 Pg. 773-784 (07 2020) ISSN: 1179-1934 [Electronic] New Zealand
• PMID: 32588401 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Carbamates
• Phenylalanine
• solriamfetol

Topics

• Adult
• Carbamates (therapeutic use)
• Cataplexy (drug therapy)
• Disorders of Excessive Somnolence (drug therapy)
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Narcolepsy (drug therapy)
• Phenylalanine (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Treatment Outcome
• Wakefulness (drug effects)