Xiaoyaosan decoction alleviated rat liver fibrosis via the TGFβ/Smad and Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathways based on network pharmacology analysis.

Abstract

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:

Liver fibrosis is an outcome of many chronic liver diseases and often results in cirrhosis, liver failure, and even hepatocarcinoma. Xiaoyaosan decoction (XYS) as a classical Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula is used to liver fibrosis in clinical practice while its mechanism is unclear.

AIM OF THE STUDY:

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-fibrosis effect of XYS and to explore the molecular mechanisms by combining network pharmacology and transcriptomic technologies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis rat were treated with three doses of XYS. The liver fibrosis and function were evaluated by histopathological examination and serum biochemical detection. The fibrosis related protein a-SMA and collagen I were assessed by Western blot. Different expressed genes (DEGs) between XYS-treated group and model group were analyzed. The herb-component-target network was constructed combined the network pharmacology. The predict targets and pathways were validated by in vitro and in vivo experiments.

RESULTS:

With XYS treatment, the liver function was significantly improved, and fibrotic changes were alleviated. The a-SMA and collagen I expression levels in the liver were also decreased in XYS-treated rats compared with CCl4 model rats. 108 active components and 42 targets from 8 herbs constituted herb-compound-target network by transcriptomics and network pharmacology analysis. The KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analyses showed that the FoxO, TGFβ, AMPK, MAPK, PPAR, and hepatitis B and C pathways were involved in the anti-fibrosis effects of XYS. In the liver tissues, p-FoxO3a and p-Akt expression levels were significantly increased in the CCl4 model group but decreased in the XYS-treated group. The TGFβ1/Smad pathway and Akt/FoxO3 pathway were verified in LX2 cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of Smad3 and Akt activity, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings suggested that XYS markedly alleviated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in histopathological and serum liver function analyses, and this effect may occur via the TGFβ1/Smad and Akt/FoxO signaling pathways.

• Authors: Yuan Zhou, Rong Wu, Fei-Fei Cai, Wen-Jun Zhou, Yi-Yu Lu, Hui Zhang, Qi-Long Chen, Shi-Bing Su
• Journal: Journal of ethnopharmacology (J Ethnopharmacol) Vol. 264 Pg. 113021 (Jan 10 2021) ISSN: 1872-7573 [Electronic] Ireland
• PMID: 32479885 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Drugs, Chinese Herbal
• FOXO3 protein, rat
• Forkhead Box Protein O3
• Smad3 Protein
• Smad3 protein, rat
• Transforming Growth Factor beta
• xiaoyaosan
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt

Topics

• Animals
• Drugs, Chinese Herbal (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Forkhead Box Protein O3 (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Liver Cirrhosis (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Male
• Protein Interaction Maps (drug effects, physiology)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Signal Transduction (drug effects, physiology)
• Smad3 Protein (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Transforming Growth Factor beta (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)