Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Gluten-Related Disorders.

Abstract

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is frequently associated with celiac disease (CD) and nonceliac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGS/NCWS), but epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects are still unclear. Furthermore, a gluten-free diet (GFD) can positively influence IBS symptoms. Methods: A comprehensive online search for IBS related to CD, NCGS and GFD was made using the Pubmed, Medline and Cochrane databases. Results: Although a systematic screening for CD in IBS is not recommended, CD prevalence can be increased in diarrhea-predominant IBS patients. On the other hand, IBS symptoms can be persistent in treated CD patients, and their prevalence tends to decrease on a GFD. IBS symptoms may overlap and be similar to those associated to nonceliac gluten and/or wheat sensitivity. Increased gut permeability could explain the gluten/wheat effects in IBS patients. Finally, a GFD could improve symptoms in a subgroup of IBS patients. Conclusions: The possible interplay between IBS and gluten-related disorders represents a scientifically and clinically challenging issue. Further studies are needed to confirm these data and better clarify the involved pathophysiological mechanisms.

• Authors: Paolo Usai-Satta, Gabrio Bassotti, Massimo Bellini, Francesco Oppia, Mariantonia Lai, Francesco Cabras
• Journal: Nutrients (Nutrients) Vol. 12 Issue 4 (Apr 17 2020) ISSN: 2072-6643 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 32316404 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Systematic Review)

Chemical References

• Glutens

Topics

• Celiac Disease (epidemiology, etiology)
• Comorbidity
• Diarrhea
• Diet, Gluten-Free
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Tract (metabolism)
• Glutens (adverse effects)
• Humans
• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (epidemiology, etiology)
• Male
• Permeability
• Prevalence
• Triticum (adverse effects)