Autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma in HIV+ patients: higher rate of infections compared with non-HIV lymphoma.

Abstract

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a well-established treatment strategy in HIV-related lymphoma patients (HIV+ Ly). Nevertheless, current evidence is mainly based on reports from specialized centers, multicentre heterogeneous studies, noncomparative analyses, or registry data-based comparisons. Likewise, the risk of infections reported so far for this population, seems to be similar to that of HIV- patients, and it does not seem to impact on mortality. We report a single-center retrospective comparative analysis of AHCT procedural results, infectious complications and survival in HIV+ Ly matched with a non-HIV comparative cohort. Thirty-three HIV+ patients and 45 matched controls, who underwent ASCT between 2000 and 2016, were included. Transplant-related toxicity, event-free survival, relapse rate, and overall survival were similar in both groups. Engraftment was delayed in HIV+ Ly (neutrophils: 15 vs 12 days (p = 0.0001), and platelets 39 vs 16 days (p = 0.00001)). Bacterial infections during the pre-engraftment period were more frequent in HIV+ Ly (RR 2.24, p = 0.017), as well as viral infections in the postengraftment period (RR 3.22, p = 0.004). CMV reactivation was more frequent in HIV+ Ly (39% vs 15% p = 0.007). In conclusion, ASCT is viable and effective in HIV+ Ly, but it is associated with a higher risk of infection.

• Authors: Mariana Bastos-Oreiro, Pascual Balsalobre, Pilar Miralles, Juan Berenguer, Nieves Dorado, Rebeca Bailen, Gillen Obreoscoa, Javier Anguita, David Serrano, José Luis Díez-Martín, Mi Kwon
• Journal: Bone marrow transplantation (Bone Marrow Transplant) Vol. 55 Issue 9 Pg. 1716-1725 (09 2020) ISSN: 1476-5365 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 32132653 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Topics

• HIV Infections (complications)
• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Humans
• Lymphoma (complications, therapy)
• Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
• Retrospective Studies
• Stem Cell Transplantation
• Transplantation, Autologous