Melanoma-Secreted Lysosomes Trigger Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Apoptosis and Limit Cancer Immunotherapy.

Abstract

The recent success of checkpoint blockade therapies has established immunotherapy as one of the most promising treatments for melanoma. Nonetheless, a complete curative response following immunotherapy is observed only in a fraction of patients. To identify what factors limit the efficacy of immunotherapies, we established mouse models that cease to respond to immunotherapies once their tumors exceed a certain stage. Analysis of the immune systems of the organisms revealed that the numbers of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDC) drastically decreased with time. Further, in contrast to the current paradigm, once melanoma was established, TIDC did not migrate into sentinel lymph nodes. Instead, they underwent local cell death due to excessive phagocytosis of lysosomes. Importantly, TIDC were required to license the cytotoxic activity of tumor CD8+ T cells, and in their absence, T cells did not lyse melanoma cells. Our results offer a paradigm shift regarding the role of TIDC and a framework to increase the efficacy of immunotherapies. SIGNIFICANCE: This work redefines the role of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in melanoma and provides a novel strategy to increase the efficacy of T-cell-based immunotherapies in nonresponding individuals. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/10/1942/F1.large.jpg.

• Authors: Nadine Santana-Magal, Leen Farhat-Younis, Amit Gutwillig, Annette Gleiberman, Diana Rasoulouniriana, Lior Tal, Dvir Netanely, Ron Shamir, Rachel Blau, Meora Feinmesser, Oran Zlotnik, Haim Gutman, Ian L Linde, Nathan E Reticker-Flynn, Peleg Rider, Yaron Carmi
• Journal: Cancer research (Cancer Res) Vol. 80 Issue 10 Pg. 1942-1956 (05 15 2020) ISSN: 1538-7445 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 32127354 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis (immunology)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (immunology)
• Dendritic Cells (pathology)
• Drug Resistance, Neoplasm (immunology)
• Humans
• Immunotherapy
• Lymphocyte Activation (immunology)
• Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating (immunology)
• Lysosomes
• Melanoma (immunology, pathology)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL