We aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics of OGI and evaluate the correlation between baseline ocular
trauma score (
OTS) and visual outcomes in cases with OGI. The charts of 257 OGI patients who had at least six months of follow-up were reviewed retrospectively. Demographics, data about the etiology, localization and size of the OGI, baseline and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were noted. At the time of approval
OTS was calculated and compared with final BCVA. All analysis was performed in both entire study population and our pediatric subgroup. A total of 261 eyes of 257 patients with a mean age of 34.9 ± 19.8 years were enrolled. Globe injury with a mean size of 6.7 ± 4.5 mm was within zone I in 46.7% of the eyes. Older age (p < 0.001, OR = 1.029, 95% CI = 1.015-1.043), higher baseline logMAR BCVA scores (p < 0.001, OR = 4.460, 95% CI = 2.815-7.065), bigger
wound size (p < 0.001, OR = 1.159, 95% CI = 1.084-1.240), relative
afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) positiveness (p < 0.001, OR = 0.021 95% CI = 0.005-0.087), lower
OTS (p < 0.001, OR = 27.034, 95% CI = 6.299-116.021), presence of concomitant
retinal detachment (p < 0.001, OR = 0.157, 95% CI = 0.080-0.306), and
endophthalmitis (p = 0.045, OR = 0.207, 95% CI = 0.044-0.962) were found to be related to poor visual prognosis. Cases with OGI caused by a sharp object (p = 0.007, OR = 0.204, 95% CI = 0.065-0.641) and those injured by a glass (p = 0.039, OR = 0.229, 95% CI = 0.056-0.931) had more favorable final vision. This study highlights that baseline BCVA,
wound size, RAPD,
retinal detachment, and
OTS were the most significant markers for poor visual outcomes in both the entire population and pediatric subgroup. In cases with OGI,
OTS was also found effective in predicting visual prognosis.