Neuropathic pain caused by nerve injury presents with severe spontaneous
pain and a variety of comorbidities, including deficits in higher executive functions. None of these clinical problems are adequately treated with current
analgesics. Targeting of the
mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting
kinase (MNK1/2) and its phosphorylation target, the
mRNA cap binding protein eIF4E, attenuates many types of nociceptive plasticity induced by inflammatory mediators and chemotherapeutic drugs but inhibiting this pathway does not alter nerve injury-induced
mechanical allodynia. We used genetic manipulations and pharmacology to inhibit MNK-eIF4E activity in animals with spared nerve injury, a model of
peripheral nerve injury (PNI)-induced
neuropathic pain. We assessed the presence of spontaneous
pain using conditioned place preference. We also tested performance in a medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-dependent rule-shifting task. WT neuropathic animals showed signs of spontaneous
pain and were significantly impaired in the rule-shifting task while genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the MNK-eIF4E signaling axis protected against and reversed spontaneous
pain and PNI-mediated
cognitive impairment. Additionally, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of MNK-eIF4E signaling completely blocked and reversed maladaptive shortening in the length of axon initial segments (AIS) in the mPFC of PNI mice. Surprisingly, these striking positive outcomes on
neuropathic pain occurred in the absence of any effect on
mechanical allodynia, a standard test for
neuropathic pain efficacy. Our results illustrate new testing paradigms for determining preclinical
neuropathic pain efficacy and point to the MNK inhibitor
tomivosertib (
eFT508) as an important drug candidate for
neuropathic pain treatment.