The study included 30 judokas with an age range of 18-30 years (mean age: 22.4 ± 3.40 years). Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative markers, lipid peroxidation markers, and total oxidative stress were assessed three times: one week before a competition (the first stage), after gaining the desired weight (the second stage), and one week after the competition (the third stage).
RESULTS: Between the first and the second stage, the concentration of
lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) decreased significantly. The
superoxide dismutase (SOD),
copper- and
zinc-containing
superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD),
ceruloplasmin (CER),
malondialdehyde (MDA), LPH, and total oxidative stress (TOS) concentrations were the lowest one week after the competition. Linear regression indicated that the emphases on increased
weight reduction increased the activity of
glutathione peroxidase (GPx),
glutathione reductase (GR),
glutathione S-transferase (GST), and
protein sulfhydryl (PSH) between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate
weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD,
Mn-SOD, LPH, MDA, and TOS in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH. In judokas, the precompetitional
weight reduction range was 0.44-6.10% (mean: 2.93% ± 1.76%) of the initial
body weight. Concentrations of
superoxide dismutase (SOD; p < .01),
manganese-dependent
superoxide dismutase (
Mn-SOD; p < .001), and
ceruloplasmin (CER; p < .05) decreased between the first and the third stage of the study as well between the second and third one. Before competitions, a decrease in
lipid hydroperoxide (LPH; p < .01) concentration was observed. A reduction of
malondialdehyde (MDA; p < .05), LPH (p < .01), and total oxidative stress (TOS; p < .05) levels between the first and the final stage occurred. The increase in
weight reduction was linearly correlated with the rise of
glutathione peroxidase (GPx; p < .05),
glutathione reductase (
GR; p < .05),
glutathione S-transferase (GST; p < .05), and
protein sulfhydryl (PSH; p < .05) concentrations between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate
weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD (p < .05),
Mn-SOD (p < .05), LPH (p < .05), MDA (p < .05), and TOS (p < .05) in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH (p < .005).
CONCLUSIONS: