Lactobacillus acidophilus Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Mice with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes dysbiosis and intestinal barrier disruption, which further exacerbate brain damage via an inflammatory pathway. Gut microbiota remodeling by Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) is a potential intervention.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of LA in TBI and elucidated underlying mechanisms.

METHODS:

C57BL/6 male mice (aged 8-9 wk) were subjected to weight-drop impact and gavaged with saline (TBI + vehicle) or LA (1 × 1010 CFU) (TBI + LA) on the day of injury and each day after for 1, 3, or 7 d. The sham + vehicle mice underwent craniotomy without brain injury and were gavaged with saline. Sensorimotor functions were determined pre-TBI and 1, 3, and 7 d postinjury. Indexes of neuroinflammation, peripheral inflammation, and intestinal barrier function were measured on days 3 and 7. Microbiota composition was measured 3 d postinjury. The data were mainly analyzed by 2-factor ANOVA.

RESULTS:

Compared with sham + vehicle mice, the TBI + vehicle mice exhibited impairments in the neurological severity score (+692%, day 3; +600%, day 7) and rotarod test (-58%, day 3; -45%, day 7) (P < 0.05), which were rescued by LA. The numbers of microglia (total and activated) and astrocytes and concentrations of TNF-α and IL1-β in the perilesional cortex were elevated in the TBI + vehicle mice on day 3 or 7 compared with sham + vehicle mice (P < 0.05) and were normalized by LA. Compared with sham + vehicle mice, the TBI + vehicle mice exhibited increased serum concentrations of endotoxin and TNF-α, and intestinal barrier permeability (D-lactate) on days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05), and these changes were alleviated by LA. Three days postinjury, the microbiota composition was disrupted in the TBI + vehicle mice compared with sham + vehicle mice (P < 0.05), which was restored by LA.

CONCLUSION:

Our results demonstrate that LA exerts neuroprotective effects that may be associated with gut microbiota remodeling in TBI mice.

• Authors: Yuanyuan Ma, Tianyao Liu, Jingjing Fu, Shaoli Fu, Chen Hu, Bo Sun, Xiaotang Fan, Jingci Zhu
• Journal: The Journal of nutrition (J Nutr) Vol. 149 Issue 9 Pg. 1543-1552 (09 01 2019) ISSN: 1541-6100 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 31174208 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.

Chemical References

• Neuroprotective Agents

Topics

• Animals
• Blood-Brain Barrier
• Brain Injuries, Traumatic (drug therapy, microbiology, physiopathology)
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome (drug effects)
• Inflammation (prevention & control)
• Lactobacillus acidophilus
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Neuroprotective Agents (pharmacology)
• Probiotics (pharmacology)