Bioelectrodes are key components of electronic devices that efficiently mediate electrical signals in biological systems. However, conventional bioelectrodes often undergo biofouling associated with non-specific
proteins and cell adhesion on the
electrode surfaces, which leads to seriously degraded electrical and/or electrochemical properties. Hence, a facile and effective method to modify the surface of bioelectrodes is required to introduce anti-biofouling properties and improve performance. Here, we report an electrochemical surface modification of a bioelectrode via co-deposition of
hyaluronic acid (HA) and
polydopamine (PDA). The electrochemical polymerization and deposition of PDA offered simple and effective incorporation of highly hydrophilic and anti-fouling HA to the
electrode surfaces, with no substantial increase in impedance. HA-incorporated PDA (PDA/HA)-modified
electrodes displayed significant resistance to non-specific
protein adsorption and the adhesion of fibroblasts. In addition, 4-week subcutaneous implantation studies revealed that the modified
electrodes attenuated
scar tissue formation compared with that induced by unmodified bare
electrodes. This simple and effective electrochemical surface modification could be further employed for various implantable bioelectrodes (e.g., prosthetics and biosensors) and could extend their bioelectronic applications.