Peptides from rice endosperm protein restrain periodontal bone loss in mouse model of periodontitis.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Food-derived peptides have been reported to exhibit antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogenic bacteria. However, no effect has been shown on inflammation and bone resorption in periodontal pathology. The overall objective of the current study was to investigate how rice peptides influence biological defense mechanisms against periodontitis-induced inflammatory bone loss, and identify their novel functions as a potential anti-inflammatory drug.

DESIGN:

The expression of inflammatory and osteoclast-related molecules was examined in mouse macrophage-derived RAW 264.7 cell cultures using qPCR. Subsequently, the effect of these peptides on inflammatory bone loss in mouse periodontitis was examined using a mouse model of tooth ligation. Briefly, periodontal bone loss was induced for 7 days in mice by ligating the maxillary second molar and leaving the contralateral tooth un-ligated (baseline control). The mice were microinjected daily with the peptide in the gingiva until the day before euthanization. One week after the ligation, TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (MNCs) were enumerated from five random coronal sections of the ligated sites in each mouse.

RESULTS:

Rice peptides REP9 and REP11 significantly inhibited transcription activity of inflammatory and osteoclast-related molecules. Local treatment with the rice peptides, in mice subjected to ligature-induced periodontitis, inhibited inflammatory bone loss, explaining the decreased numbers of osteoclasts in bone tissue sections.

CONCLUSION:

Therefore, these data suggested that the rice peptides possess a protective effect against periodontitis.

• Authors: Hikaru Tamura, Tomoki Maekawa, Hisanori Domon, Takumi Hiyoshi, Daisuke Yonezawa, Kosuke Nagai, Akihito Ochiai, Masayuki Taniguchi, Koichi Tabeta, Takeyasu Maeda, Yutaka Terao
• Journal: Archives of oral biology (Arch Oral Biol) Vol. 98 Pg. 132-139 (Feb 2019) ISSN: 1879-1506 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 30485826 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Cytokines
• Peptides
• Plant Extracts
• Plant Proteins

Topics

• Alveolar Bone Loss (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy, pathology)
• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Bone Resorption (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy, pathology)
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Endosperm (chemistry)
• Gingiva (drug effects)
• Inflammation
• Ligation
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Molar
• Oryza (chemistry)
• Osteoclasts (drug effects)
• Peptides (administration & dosage, antagonists & inhibitors, therapeutic use)
• Periodontitis (diagnostic imaging, drug therapy, pathology)
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Plant Proteins (administration & dosage, antagonists & inhibitors, therapeutic use)
• RAW 264.7 Cells
• X-Ray Microtomography (methods)