Surface plasma treatment and phosphorylation enhance the biological performance of poly(ether ether ketone).

Abstract

Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has emerged as an alternative endosseous material to metal implants mainly because of its lack of allergic sensitivity and radiolucency, while maintaining similar mechanical properties with bone. However, a disadvantage of PEEK is its weak osseointegration ability compared with metal implants. To overcome this, we prepared a phosphate group-modified PEEK by plasma treatment and subsequent phosphorylation reaction. Plasma treatment and phosphate modification of PEEK changed its hydrophobic surface to a hydrophilic surface while maintaining the original surface topography and roughness. Phosphate modification increased the bioactivity of rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), including proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone-like nodule formation; however, this effect was negligible in plasma-treated PEEK. In addition, phosphate modification attenuated the phenotypic polarization of lipopolysaccharide-primed RAW264.7 macrophages to an inflammatory phenotype, based on the finding that macrophages on phosphate-modified PEEK produced decreased levels of the inflammatory cytokine and increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine. Finally, in an animal study, phosphate-modified PEEK exhibited a doubled pullout force from the femur bone cavity compared with bare PEEK. Thus, we conclude that phosphate modification can significantly improves the implant-bone bonding strength of PEEK by enhancing BMSCs activity and reducing excessive inflammation.

• Authors: Naoyuki Fukuda, Akira Tsuchiya, Sunarso, Riki Toita, Kanji Tsuru, Yoshihide Mori, Kunio Ishikawa
• Journal: Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces (Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces) Vol. 173 Pg. 36-42 (Jan 01 2019) ISSN: 1873-4367 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 30266018 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Benzophenones
• Biocompatible Materials
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Plasma Gases
• Polymers
• polyetherketoneketone
• Alkaline Phosphatase

Topics

• Alkaline Phosphatase (metabolism)
• Animals
• Benzophenones (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Biocompatible Materials (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Bone Marrow Cells (cytology, drug effects, physiology)
• Bone-Implant Interface
• Calcification, Physiologic (drug effects)
• Cell Differentiation (drug effects)
• Cell Proliferation
• Femur (surgery)
• Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
• Lipopolysaccharides (pharmacology)
• Macrophage Activation (drug effects)
• Male
• Mice
• Osteoblasts (cytology, drug effects, physiology)
• Osteogenesis (drug effects, physiology)
• Phosphorylation
• Plasma Gases (chemistry)
• Polymers (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Primary Cell Culture
• RAW 264.7 Cells
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Stromal Cells (cytology, drug effects, physiology)
• Surface Properties