Abstract | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively examined 89 consecutive patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (median age, 51 years; range, 16-85 years; females, 77; aquaporin 4 immunoglobulin G-positive, 93%) and 89 with MS (median age, 36 years; range, 18-67 years; females, 68; relapsing-remitting MS, 89%; primary-progressive MS, 7%; secondary-progressive MS, 2%) from 9 institutions across Japan (April 2008 to December 2012). Two neuroradiologists visually evaluated the number, location, and size of all lesions using the Mann-Whitney U test or the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: We enrolled 79 patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and 87 with MS for brain analysis, 57 with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and 55 with MS for spinal cord analysis, and 42 with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and 14 with MS for optic nerve analysis. We identified 911 brain lesions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, 1659 brain lesions in MS, 86 spinal cord lesions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, and 102 spinal cord lesions in MS. The frequencies of periventricular white matter and deep white matter lesions were 17% and 68% in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders versus 41% and 42% in MS, respectively (location of brain lesions, P < .001). We found a significant difference in the distribution of spinal cord lesions between these 2 diseases (P = .024): More thoracic lesions than cervical lesions were present in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (cervical versus thoracic, 29% versus 71%), whereas they were equally distributed in MS (46% versus 54%). Furthermore, thoracic lesions were significantly longer than cervical lesions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (P = .001), but not in MS (P = .80). CONCLUSIONS: Visually detailed quantitative analyses confirmed imaging differences, especially in brain and spinal cord lesions, between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and MS. These observations may have clinical implications.
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Authors | H Tatekawa, S Sakamoto, M Hori, Y Kaichi, A Kunimatsu, K Akazawa, T Miyasaka, H Oba, T Okubo, K Hasuo, K Yamada, T Taoka, S Doishita, T Shimono, Y Miki |
Journal | AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
(AJNR Am J Neuroradiol)
Vol. 39
Issue 7
Pg. 1239-1247
(07 2018)
ISSN: 1936-959X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 29724765
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2018 by American Journal of Neuroradiology. |
Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Brain
(diagnostic imaging, pathology)
- Female
- Humans
- Japan
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(methods)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Multiple Sclerosis
(diagnostic imaging, pathology)
- Neuroimaging
(methods)
- Neuromyelitis Optica
(diagnostic imaging, pathology)
- Retrospective Studies
- Spinal Cord
(diagnostic imaging, pathology)
- Young Adult
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