Preventive Effect of Synthetic Tryptophan Metabolite on Silicone Breast Implant-Induced Capsule Formation.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

In the field of plastic surgery, capsular contracture after silicone breast implant surgery is a major clinical problem. This experimental study confirms that the synthetic tryptophan metabolite N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamonyl) anthranilic acid (Tranilast) reduces capsule formation and prevents capsular contracture.

METHODS:

Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 groups. In the experimental group, implants were inserted into each rabbit, and oral synthetic tryptophan metabolite was administered daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg in 10 mL of saline. In the control group, rabbits received implants and the same amount of saline without the metabolite. After 2 months, peri-implant tissues were harvested and analyzed.

RESULTS:

The thickness of the capsules and the inflammatory cell counts were decreased in the experimental group (P < 0.001). The collagen fibers in the experimental group were thinner, less dense, and more organized than in control group. The results of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the genes for transforming growth factor β1 (P = 0.002), alpha smooth muscle actin (P < 0.001), and collagen types I (P = 0.002) and III (P = 0.004) were underexpressed in the experimental groups. Furthermore, the counts of T-cell immunity-related cytokine presenting cells were decreased in the experimental groups (CD3, 4, 25, 45RA, 45RO, 69, interleukin-2, 4 [P < 0.001], and interferon γ [P = 0.028]).

CONCLUSIONS:

This study confirms that a synthetic derivative of a tryptophan metabolite decreases capsule formation and prevents capsular contracture by inhibiting the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, selectively inhibiting collagen synthesis, and decreasing specific T-cell immune responses by changing anti-inflammatory cytokine expression.

• Authors: Shin Hyuk Kang, Suk Yoon Jang, Jeong Hyun Ryou, Woo Seob Kim, Han Koo Kim, Tae Hui Bae, Mi Kyung Kim
• Journal: Annals of plastic surgery (Ann Plast Surg) Vol. 80 Issue 5 Pg. 565-571 (May 2018) ISSN: 1536-3708 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 29389705 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Actins
• Cytokines
• Silicone Gels
• Transforming Growth Factor beta1
• ortho-Aminobenzoates
• Collagen
• tranilast

Topics

• Actins (metabolism)
• Animals
• Breast Implants (adverse effects)
• Collagen (metabolism)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Female
• Implant Capsular Contracture (prevention & control)
• Rabbits
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Silicone Gels (adverse effects)
• Transforming Growth Factor beta1 (metabolism)
• ortho-Aminobenzoates (pharmacology)