Uncovering the proteome response of murine neuroblastoma cells against low-dose exposure to saxitoxin.

Abstract

The potent neurotoxin saxitoxin produced by both marine and freshwater phytoplankton causes paralytic shellfish poisoning syndrome. The toxicity and mode of action of the acute exposure of high-dose saxitoxin have been intensively studied for decades; however, the potential risk of exposure of low-dose saxitoxin remained to be uncovered. Here we present a proteomics study of murine neuroblastoma N2A cell with low-dose saxitoxin exposure (1 nM and 10 nM, 24-h intoxication). Differential proteins were profiled by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). A total of 9 proteins, including 14-3-3 beta (1433B), alpha enolase (ENO1) and cofilin 2 (CFL2), were altered by the low-dose saxitoxin exposure. We further validated the expressions of 1433B, ENO1 and CFL2 by Western blot analysis and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These 9 proteins involve cell apoptotic pathways, cell skeleton maintenance, membrane potentials and mitochondrial functions. Modulation of these 9 proteins by low-dose saxitoxin exposure could correlate to the reports on genotoxicity and neurotoxicity induced by saxitoxin. This study also suggested other potential risks of saxitoxin.

• Authors: Xiao Chen, Ye Sun, Haiyan Huang, Wei Liu, Panpan Hu, Xinfeng Huang, Fei Zou, Jianjun Liu
• Journal: Toxicology mechanisms and methods (Toxicol Mech Methods) Vol. 28 Issue 5 Pg. 335-344 (Jun 2018) ISSN: 1537-6524 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 29228856 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• 14-3-3 Proteins
• Cfl2 protein, mouse
• Cofilin 2
• Proteome
• Saxitoxin
• Eno1 protein, mouse
• Phosphopyruvate Hydratase

Topics

• 14-3-3 Proteins (metabolism)
• Animals
• Blotting, Western
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cofilin 2 (metabolism)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Mice
• Neuroblastoma (metabolism, pathology)
• Neurons (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
• Phosphopyruvate Hydratase (metabolism)
• Proteome (drug effects, metabolism)
• Proteomics (methods)
• Risk Assessment
• Saxitoxin (toxicity)
• Signal Transduction (drug effects)
• Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
• Toxicity Tests (methods)
• Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis