ROS Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

Abstract

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role for the maintenance of cellular processes and functions in the body. However, the excessive generation of oxygen radicals under pathological conditions such as acute lung injury (ALI) and its most severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to increased endothelial permeability. Within this hallmark of ALI and ARDS, vascular microvessels lose their junctional integrity and show increased myosin contractions that promote the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the transition of solutes and fluids in the alveolar lumen. These processes all have a redox component, and this chapter focuses on the role played by ROS during the development of ALI/ARDS. We discuss the origins of ROS within the cell, cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, the role of ROS in the development of endothelial permeability, and potential therapies targeted at oxidative stress.

• Authors: Manuela Kellner, Satish Noonepalle, Qing Lu, Anup Srivastava, Evgeny Zemskov, Stephen M Black
• Journal: Advances in experimental medicine and biology (Adv Exp Med Biol) Vol. 967 Pg. 105-137 ( 2017) ISSN: 0065-2598 [Print] United States
• PMID: 29047084 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Reactive Oxygen Species

Topics

• Acute Lung Injury (metabolism, physiopathology)
• Animals
• Antioxidants (metabolism)
• Capillary Permeability
• Endothelium, Vascular (metabolism, physiopathology)
• Humans
• Models, Biological
• Oxidation-Reduction
• Oxidative Stress
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome (metabolism, physiopathology)
• Signal Transduction