A novel antimicrobial therapy for the control of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in aquaculture using marine polysaccharide coated gold nanoparticle.

Abstract

In the present study, we prepared fucoidan coated Au-NPs (Fu-AuNPs), and examined its antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila. The green synthesized Fu-AuNPs were bio-physically characterized by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Higher Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Zeta potential analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Fu-AuNPs were crystalline in nature, spherical to triangular in shape, with particle size ranging within 10-100 nm. The synthesized Fu-AuNPs at 100 μg mL-1 showed inhibition zone against A. hydrophila (23.2 mm) which is much higher than that of commercial antibiotic chloramphenicol (17.3 mm). The biofilm inhibitory activity of Fu-AuNPs against Gram negative (Aeromonas hydrophila) was higher. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopic observations showed that the Fu-AuNPs at 100 μg mL-1 inhibited the biofilm of A. hydrophila. The cytotoxicity study indicated that Fu-AuNPs were effective in inhibiting the viability of human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) at 100 μg mL-1. In another experiment, the antibacterial effect of Fu-AuNPs on tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus were evaluated in vivo. The mortality rate of O. mossambicus infected by A. hydrophila was much higher (90%), whereas, the mortality of O. mossambicus that received Fu-AuNPs followed by challenge with A. hydrophia was reduced to 30%. This study concludes that Fu-AUNPs are effective in the control of A. hydrophila infections in O. mossambicus.

• Authors: Sekar Vijayakumar, Baskaralingam Vaseeharan, Balasubramanian Malaikozhundan, Narayanan Gobi, Samuthirapandian Ravichandran, Sellamuthu Karthi, Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar, Natesan Sivakumar
• Journal: Microbial pathogenesis (Microb Pathog) Vol. 110 Pg. 140-151 (Sep 2017) ISSN: 1096-1208 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 28648622 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• 2,5-diaziridinyl-3-hydroxymethyl-6-methyl-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
• Anti-Infective Agents
• Aziridines
• Cyclohexenes
• Plant Extracts
• Polysaccharides
• Chloramphenicol
• Gold
• fucoidan

Topics

• Aeromonas hydrophila (drug effects)
• Animals
• Anti-Infective Agents (administration & dosage, chemistry, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Aquaculture
• Aziridines (pharmacology)
• Biofilms (drug effects)
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Chloramphenicol (pharmacology)
• Cyclohexenes (pharmacology)
• Fish Diseases (drug therapy, microbiology)
• Gold (chemistry)
• Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (drug therapy)
• Green Chemistry Technology
• HeLa Cells (drug effects)
• Humans
• India
• Metal Nanoparticles (administration & dosage, chemistry, ultrastructure)
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Microscopy, Confocal (methods)
• Microscopy, Electron, Transmission (methods)
• Mortality
• Particle Size
• Plant Extracts (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Polysaccharides (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission (methods)
• Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet (methods)
• Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (methods)
• Tilapia (microbiology)
• X-Ray Diffraction (methods)