Abstract | Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance warrants therapeutic alternatives. Here we investigated the efficacy of bacteriophage-therapy (phage) alone or combined with antibiotics against experimental endocarditis (EE) due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an archetype of difficult-to-treat infection. Methods: In vitro fibrin clots and rats with aortic EE were treated with an antipseudomonas phage cocktail alone or combined with ciprofloxacin. Phage pharmacology, therapeutic efficacy, and resistance were determined. Results: In vitro, single-dose phage therapy killed 7 log colony-forming units (CFUs)/g of fibrin clots in 6 hours. Phage-resistant mutants regrew after 24 hours but were prevented by combination with ciprofloxacin (2.5 × minimum inhibitory concentration). In vivo, single-dose phage therapy killed 2.5 log CFUs/g of vegetations in 6 hours (P < .001 vs untreated controls) and was comparable with ciprofloxacin monotherapy. Moreover, phage/ ciprofloxacin combinations were highly synergistic, killing >6 log CFUs/g of vegetations in 6 hours and successfully treating 64% (n = 7/11) of rats. Phage-resistant mutants emerged in vitro but not in vivo, most likely because resistant mutations affected bacterial surface determinants important for infectivity (eg, the pilT and galU genes involved in pilus motility and LPS formation). Conclusions:
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Authors | Frank Oechslin, Philippe Piccardi, Stefano Mancini, Jérôme Gabard, Philippe Moreillon, José M Entenza, Gregory Resch, Yok-Ai Que |
Journal | The Journal of infectious diseases
(J Infect Dis)
Vol. 215
Issue 5
Pg. 703-712
(03 01 2017)
ISSN: 1537-6613 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 28007922
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. |
Chemical References |
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Ciprofloxacin
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Topics |
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(pharmacology)
- Ciprofloxacin
(pharmacology)
- Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
- Endocarditis
(microbiology, therapy)
- Female
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Phage Therapy
(methods)
- Pseudomonas Infections
(therapy)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(drug effects, pathogenicity)
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Virulence
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