Abstract | OBJECTIVES: Immunohistochemistry for DNA mismatch repair proteins is used to screen for Lynch syndrome in individuals with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Although solitary loss of PMS2 expression is indicative of carrying a germline mutation in PMS2, previous studies reported MLH1 mutation in some cases. We determined the prevalence of MLH1 germline mutations in a large cohort of individuals with a CRC demonstrating solitary loss of PMS2 expression. DESIGN: This cohort study included 88 individuals affected with a PMS2-deficient CRC from the Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort. Germline PMS2 mutation analysis (long-range PCR and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) was followed by MLH1 mutation testing (Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification). RESULTS: Of the 66 individuals with complete mutation screening, we identified a pathogenic PMS2 mutation in 49 (74%), a pathogenic MLH1 mutation in 8 (12%) and a MLH1 variant of uncertain clinical significance predicted to be damaging by in silico analysis in 3 (4%); 6 (9%) carried variants likely to have no clinical significance. Missense point mutations accounted for most alterations (83%; 9/11) in MLH1. The MLH1 c.113A> G p.Asn38Ser mutation was found in 2 related individuals. One individual who carried the MLH1 intronic mutation c.677+3A>G p.Gln197Argfs*8 leading to the skipping of exon 8, developed 2 tumours, both of which retained MLH1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of CRCs with solitary loss of PMS2 expression are associated with a deleterious MLH1 germline mutation supporting the screening for MLH1 in individuals with tumours of this immunophenotype, when no PMS2 mutation has been identified.
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Authors | Christophe Rosty, Mark Clendenning, Michael D Walsh, Stine V Eriksen, Melissa C Southey, Ingrid M Winship, Finlay A Macrae, Alex Boussioutas, Nicola K Poplawski, Susan Parry, Julie Arnold, Joanne P Young, Graham Casey, Robert W Haile, Steven Gallinger, Loïc Le Marchand, Polly A Newcomb, John D Potter, Melissa DeRycke, Noralane M Lindor, Stephen N Thibodeau, John A Baron, Aung Ko Win, John L Hopper, Mark A Jenkins, Daniel D Buchanan, Colon Cancer Family Registry Cohort |
Journal | BMJ open
(BMJ Open)
Vol. 6
Issue 2
Pg. e010293
(Feb 19 2016)
ISSN: 2044-6055 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 26895986
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ |
Chemical References |
- MLH1 protein, human
- PMS2 protein, human
- Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2
- MutL Protein Homolog 1
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Topics |
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cohort Studies
- Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis
(genetics)
- DNA Mismatch Repair
(genetics)
- Female
- Germ-Line Mutation
(genetics)
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mismatch Repair Endonuclease PMS2
(genetics)
- MutL Protein Homolog 1
(genetics)
- Registries
- Young Adult
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