Abstract | BACKGROUND: Meta-analysis has shown that smokers have significantly increased risks for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and neuroimaging studies showed that smoking alters white matter (WM) structural integrity. OBJECTIVE: Herein, we characterize the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) exposures and withdrawal on WM myelin lipid composition using matrix assisted laser desorption and ionization-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). METHODS: Young adult male A/J mice were exposed to air (8 weeks; A8), CS (4 or 8 weeks; CS4, CS8), or CS8 followed by 2 weeks recovery (CS8 + R). Frontal lobe WM was examined for indices of lipid and protein oxidation and lipid profile alterations by MALDI-IMS. Lipid ions were identified by MS/MS with the LIPID MAPS prediction tools database. Inter-group comparisons were made using principal component analysis and R-generated heatmap. RESULTS: CONCLUSION: CS-mediated WM degeneration is associated with lipid peroxidation, protein oxidative injury, and alterations in myelin lipid composition, including shifts in phospholipids and sphingolipids needed for membrane integrity, plasticity, and intracellular signaling. Future goals are to delineate WM abnormalities in AD using MALDI-IMS, and couple the findings with MRI-mass spectroscopy to improve in vivo diagnostics and early detection of brain biochemical responses to treatment.
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Authors | Kavin Nunez, Jared Kay, Alexander Krotow, Ming Tong, Amit R Agarwal, Enrique Cadenas, Suzanne M de la Monte |
Journal | Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
(J Alzheimers Dis)
Vol. 51
Issue 1
Pg. 151-63
( 2016)
ISSN: 1875-8908 [Electronic] Netherlands |
PMID | 26836183
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Aldehydes
- Phospholipids
- tert-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
- 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha
- Dinoprost
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Topics |
- Aldehydes
(metabolism)
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Dinoprost
(analogs & derivatives, metabolism)
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Frontal Lobe
(pathology)
- Lipid Metabolism
(drug effects)
- Male
- Mice
- Phospholipids
(metabolism)
- Principal Component Analysis
- Protein Carbonylation
- Smoking
(pathology)
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
(methods)
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
(metabolism, pathology)
- White Matter
(pathology)
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