β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Normal Glucose-Tolerant Subjects Stratified by 1-Hour Plasma Glucose Values.

Abstract

AIM:

This study was designed to assess β-cell function and insulin sensitivity indices among normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects stratified by 1-h plasma glucose (1hPG) values during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

One hundred sixty-six NGT subjects underwent a five-point OGTT, and glucose and insulin levels were estimated. We calculated the following indices: (a) β-cell function (homeostasis assessment model-β-cell function [HOMA-β] and Insulinogenic Index [IGI]) and (b) insulin sensitivity (homeostasis assessment model-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], Matsuda Index, and Insulin Sensitivity Index [ISI]).

RESULTS:

NGT subgroups with elevated 1hPG values (i.e., 1hPG ≥143 to <155 mg/dL and 1hPG ≥155 mg/dL) did not differ from those with 1hPG <143 mg/dL by HOMA-β (P = 0.236) but had significantly lower IGIs (367 ± 239 vs. 257 ± 243 vs. 246 ± 239; P = 0.019). With respect to ISIs, HOMA-IR was not significantly different among the groups (P = 0.103). However, the Matsuda Index (11.2 ± 5.0 vs. 7.4 ± 4.8 vs. 5.5 ± 4.9; P < 0.001) and ISI (0.015 ± 0.010 vs. 0.012 ± 0.006 vs. 0.011 ± 0.011; P = 0.028) were significantly lower in subjects with elevated 1hPG values.

CONCLUSIONS:

NGT subjects with elevated 1hPG levels have alterations in β-cell function and insulin sensitivity compared with those with normal 1hPG levels.

• Authors: Miranda M Priya, Anandakumar Amutha, T A Pramodkumar, Harish Ranjani, Saravanan Jebarani, Kuppan Gokulakrishnan, Rajendra Pradeepa, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Viswanathan Mohan
• Journal: Diabetes technology & therapeutics (Diabetes Technol Ther) Vol. 18 Issue 1 Pg. 29-33 (Jan 2016) ISSN: 1557-8593 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26492404 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucose

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Blood Glucose (analysis, drug effects)
• Child
• Fasting (blood)
• Female
• Glucose (pharmacology)
• Glucose Intolerance (blood)
• Glucose Tolerance Test
• Humans
• Insulin Resistance
• Insulin-Secreting Cells (drug effects, metabolism)
• Male
• Time Factors
• Young Adult