Effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoacylglyceride on systemic hypertension and cardiovascular dysfunction.

Abstract

ω-3 Fatty acid supplementation has been associated with lower blood pressure. Cardiovascular diseases are also known to be linked directly to an increase in ω-6 and a reduction in ω-3 fatty acid levels in blood circulation and tissues. To determine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid monoglycerides (MAG-DHA) on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and vascular remodeling in rats fed a high-fat/high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet. Studies were performed in male rats subjected to 8 wk of HFHC diet supplemented or not with 3 g/day MAG-DHA. After 8 wk of daily MAG-DHA treatment, rats in the HFHC + MAG-DHA group had lower arterial blood pressure and heart rate compared with the HFHC group. Moreover, MAG-DHA prevented the increase aortic wall thickness, whereas lipid analysis of aortic tissues revealed an increase in DHA/AA ratio correlated with the production of resolvin D2 and D3 metabolites. Histological analysis revealed that MAG-DHA prevented the development of LVH in the HFHC group. Serum lipid profile analysis further showed a decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and LDL, including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels, together with an increase in HDL levels after 8 wk of MAG-DHA treatment compared with the HFHC group. Furthermore, daily MAG-DHA treatment resulted in reduced proinflammatory marker levels such as CRP, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1β. Altogether, these findings revealed that per os administration of MAG-DHA prevents HFHC-diet induced hypertension and LVH in rats.

• Authors: Caroline Morin, Eric Rousseau, Pierre U Blier, Samuel Fortin
• Journal: American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology (Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol) Vol. 309 Issue 1 Pg. H93-H102 (Jul 01 2015) ISSN: 1522-1539 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25910811 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 the American Physiological Society.

Chemical References

• Cholesterol, HDL
• Cholesterol, LDL
• Cholesterol, VLDL
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3
• IL1B protein, rat
• Interleukin-1beta
• Interleukin-6
• Monoglycerides
• Triglycerides
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• docosahexaenoic acid monoacylglyceride
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Animals
• Aorta (drug effects, pathology)
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• C-Reactive Protein (drug effects, metabolism)
• Cholesterol, HDL (drug effects, metabolism)
• Cholesterol, LDL (drug effects, metabolism)
• Cholesterol, VLDL (drug effects, metabolism)
• Diet, High-Fat
• Fatty Acids, Omega-3 (pharmacology)
• Heart Ventricles (drug effects, pathology)
• Hypertension
• Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular (pathology)
• Interleukin-1beta (drug effects, metabolism)
• Interleukin-6 (metabolism)
• Monoglycerides (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Triglycerides (metabolism)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (drug effects, metabolism)
• Vascular Remodeling (drug effects)