Parkinson's disease (PD) is a motor scarcity disorder characterized by the striatal
dopamine deficiency owing to the selective degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. While oxidative stress is implicated in PD, prolonged exposure to moderate dose of
cypermethrin induces
Parkinsonism. The study aimed to investigate the status of oxidative stress indicators and
antioxidant defence system of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), platelets and plasma to delineate the effect of Parkinsonian dose of
cypermethrin in the peripheral blood of rats and its subsequent relevance to
Parkinsonism.
Nitrite content, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and activity of
superoxide dismutase (SOD),
catalase,
glutathione reductase (GR) and
glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in the PMNs, platelets and plasma of control and
cypermethrin-treated rats in the presence or absence of a microglial activation inhibitor,
minocycline or a
dopamine precursor containing the peripheral
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase inhibitor, named syndopa, employing the standard procedures. The striatal
dopamine was measured to assess the degree of neurodegeneration/neuroprotection.
Cypermethrin increased
nitrite and LPO in the plasma, platelets and PMNs while it reduced the striatal
dopamine content.
Catalase and GST activity were increased in the PMNs and platelets; however, it was reduced in the plasma. Conversely, SOD and GR activities were reduced in the PMNs and platelets but increased in the plasma.
Minocycline or syndopa reduced the
cypermethrin-mediated changes towards normalcy. The results demonstrate that
cypermethrin alters the status of oxidative stress indicators and impairs
antioxidant defence system of the peripheral blood, which could be effectively salvaged by
minocycline or syndopa. The results could be of value for predicting the nigrostriatal toxicity relevant to
Parkinsonism.