Protein co-ingestion strongly increases postprandial insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes patients.

Abstract

The capacity of nutritional protein to induce endogenous insulin secretion has been well established. However, it is not known whether such a response is applicable in a diverse population of type 2 diabetes patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of co-ingesting either intact or hydrolyzed protein with carbohydrate on postprandial plasma insulin and glucose responses in type 2 diabetes patients. Sixty longstanding, male, type 2 diabetes patients participated in a study in which we determined postprandial plasma insulin and glucose responses after ingesting a single bolus of carbohydrate (0.7 g/kg: CHO) with or without an intact protein (0.3 g/kg: PRO) or its hydrolysate (0.3 g/kg: PROh). Results showed that protein co-ingestion strongly increased postprandial insulin release, with the insulin response +99 ± 41 and +110 ± 10% greater in the CHO+PRO and CHO+PROh experiments when compared with the CHO experiment. The insulinotropic properties of protein co-ingestion were evident in nearly all patients, with 58 out of 60 patients responding >10% when compared with the insulin response following carbohydrate ingestion only (CHO). The concomitant plasma glucose responses were 22 ± 32 and 23 ± 36% lower in the CHO+PRO and CHO+PROh experiments, respectively. We conclude that protein co-ingestion represents an effective dietary strategy to strongly augment postprandial insulin release and attenuate the postprandial rise in glucose concentration in type 2 diabetes patients.

• Authors: Ralph J F Manders, Dominique Hansen, Antoine H G Zorenc, Paul Dendale, Joris Kloek, Wim H M Saris, Luc J C van Loon
• Journal: Journal of medicinal food (J Med Food) Vol. 17 Issue 7 Pg. 758-63 (Jul 2014) ISSN: 1557-7600 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24611935 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Dietary Carbohydrates
• Dietary Proteins
• Insulin
• Protein Hydrolysates

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Cross-Over Studies
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood)
• Dietary Carbohydrates (administration & dosage)
• Dietary Proteins (administration & dosage)
• Double-Blind Method
• Humans
• Insulin (blood, metabolism)
• Insulin Secretion
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Postprandial Period
• Protein Hydrolysates (administration & dosage)