Abstract | AIMS: METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population consisted of patients with an ejection fraction ≤40% undergoing ICD implantation (n = 911) for the primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death from 1997 to 2007. The predictive value of the severity of pre-implantation hyponatremia stratified into mild hyponatremia (n = 268, sodium 134-136 mmol/L), moderate hyponatremia (n = 105, sodium 131-133 mmol/L), and severe hyponatremia (n = 31, sodium ≤130 mmol/L) on the risk of death, ADHF, and appropriate ICD therapy for ventricular arrhythmias as compared with patients a normal serum sodium (n = 507, sodium ≥ 137 mmol/L), was calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses. During a mean follow-up of 775 ± 750 days as the severity of hyponatremia (from a normal sodium to severe hyponatremia) increased an incremental incidence of death (25% to 61%, P < 0.001) and ADHF (11% to 26%, P = 0.004) was observed with a reduced incidence of ICD therapy for ventricular tachycardia/ ventricular fibrillation (37-29%, P = 0.037). Compared with the normal sodium cohort, patients with severe hyponatremia demonstrated an increased risk of death [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 2.69 (95% confidence interval, CI 1.57-4.59), P = 0.004] and ADHF [AHR 2.98 (95% CI 1.41-6.30), P = 0.004], with a lower probability of appropriate ICD therapy [AHR 0.68 (95% CI 0.27-0.88), P = 0.031]. CONCLUSION:
Hyponatremia is commonly observed among ICD recipients with LV dysfunction. Patients with an increasing severity of hyponatremia are at increased risk of death and HF related morbidity with a reduced incidence of appropriate ICD therapy particularly among patients with severe hyponatremia.
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Authors | Sanjeev P Bhavnani, Anupam Kumar, Craig I Coleman, Danette Guertin, Ravi K Yarlagadda, Christopher A Clyne, Jeffrey Kluger |
Journal | Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology
(Europace)
Vol. 16
Issue 1
Pg. 47-54
(Jan 2014)
ISSN: 1532-2092 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 23954920
(Publication Type: Controlled Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Topics |
- Aged
- Comorbidity
- Connecticut
- Defibrillators, Implantable
(statistics & numerical data)
- Female
- Heart Failure
(mortality, prevention & control)
- Humans
- Hyponatremia
(diagnosis, mortality)
- Incidence
- Male
- Preoperative Care
(methods, statistics & numerical data)
- Prognosis
- Prosthesis Implantation
(mortality)
- Risk Assessment
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left
(mortality, prevention & control)
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