Abstract | OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: Retrospective multicenter case series. ANIMALS: 115 envenomed cats treated with antivenom and 177 envenomed cats treated without antivenom. Procedures-Medical records from 5 institutions were searched by means of a multiple-choice survey with standardized answers for patient data including signalment, diagnosis, antivenom administration criteria, premedication, product, dose, administration rate, hypersensitivity reactions, and mortality rate. RESULTS: 95 of 115 (82.6%) cats received whole IgG antivenom, 11 (9.57%) received F(ab')2 antivenom, and 4 (3.48%) received Fab antivenom. The majority (101/115 [878%]) of cats received 1 vial of antivenom. In all cats, the median dilution of antivenom was 1:60 (range, 1:10 to 1:250) administered over a median period of 2.0 hours (range, 0.3 to 9.0 hours). There was no mortality rate difference between cats that did (6.67%) or did not (5.08%) receive antivenom. A type I hypersensitivity reaction was diagnosed in 26 of 115 (22.6%) cats. The use of premedications did not decrease type I hypersensitivity or improve mortality rate. Cats that had a type I hypersensitivity reaction were 10 times as likely to die as were those that did not have such a reaction. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:
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Authors | Medora B Pashmakova, Micah A Bishop, Dorothy M Black, Christa Bernhard, Scott I Johnson, Steven Mensack, Raegan J Wells, James W Barr |
Journal | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
(J Am Vet Med Assoc)
Vol. 243
Issue 4
Pg. 520-5
(Aug 15 2013)
ISSN: 1943-569X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23902445
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Animals
- Antivenins
(therapeutic use)
- Cat Diseases
(drug therapy)
- Cats
- Female
- Male
- Retrospective Studies
- Snake Bites
(therapy, veterinary)
- Viperidae
(physiology)
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