Neuroprotective effect of physical exercise in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease induced by β-amyloid₁₋₄₀ peptide.

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of exercise in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of beta-amyloid₁₋₄₀ (Aβ₁₋₄₀) peptide. For this aim, male Swiss Albino mice were submitted to swimming training (ST) with progressive increase in intensity and duration for 8 weeks before Aβ₁₋₄₀ administration (400 pmol/animal; 3 μl/site, i.c.v. route). The cognitive behavioral, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory markers in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of mice were assessed 7 days after Aβ₁₋₄₀ administration. Our results demonstrated that ST was effective in preventing impairment in short- and long-term memories in the object recognition test. ST attenuated the increased levels of reactive species and decreased non-protein thiol levels in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex induced by Aβ₁₋₄₀. Also, Aβ₁₋₄₀ inhibited superoxide dismutase activity and increased glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase activities in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex-alterations that were mitigated by ST. In addition, ST was effective against the increase of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta levels and the decrease of interleukin-10 levels in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. This study confirmed the hypothesis that exercise is able to protect against some mechanisms of Aβ₁₋₄₀-induced neurotoxicity. In conclusion, we suggest that exercise can prevent the cognitive decline, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation induced by Aβ₁₋₄₀ in mice supporting the hypothesis that exercise can be used as a non-pharmacological tool to reduce the symptoms of AD.

• Authors: Leandro C Souza, Carlos B Filho, André T R Goes, Lucian Del Fabbro, Marcelo G de Gomes, Lucielli Savegnago, Mauro Schneider Oliveira, Cristiano R Jesse
• Journal: Neurotoxicity research (Neurotox Res) Vol. 24 Issue 2 Pg. 148-63 (Aug 2013) ISSN: 1476-3524 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23307759 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Amyloid beta-Peptides
• Peptide Fragments
• amyloid beta-protein (1-40)

Topics

• Alzheimer Disease (chemically induced, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Amyloid beta-Peptides (toxicity)
• Animals
• Brain (drug effects, metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Male
• Mice
• Peptide Fragments (toxicity)
• Physical Conditioning, Animal (methods, physiology)
• Quadriceps Muscle (drug effects, metabolism)
• Random Allocation