Hepatitis B X-interacting
protein (HBXIP) is an important
oncoprotein that plays critical role in the development of
cancer. In this study, we report that HBXIP activates LIM-only
protein 4 (LMO4), a transcriptional coregulatory
protein, in promotion of cell proliferation. We observed that the
messenger RNA (
mRNA) expression levels of HBXIP were positively associated with those of LMO4 in clinical
breast cancer tissues. We further identified that HBXIP upregulated LMO4 at the levels of promoter,
mRNA and
protein in MCF-7 and LM-MCF-7
breast cancer cell lines. The expression of
cyclin D1 and
cyclin E, downstream effectors of LMO4, could be upregulated by HBXIP through LMO4. Then,
chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay revealed that HBXIP was able to interact with the promoter region of LMO4. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that HBXIP occupied the -237/-206 region of LMO4 promoter containing Sp1 binding
element. The mutant of Sp1 binding site in the LMO4 promoter impeded the interaction of HBXIP with the promoter. Co-immunoprecipitation, ChIP and
luciferase reporter gene assays showed that HBXIP activated LMO4 promoter through binding to Sp1. In function, flow cytometry,
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide,
5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assays and animal
transplantation assays demonstrated that HBXIP-enhanced cell proliferation of
breast cancer through upregulating LMO4 in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we concluded that
oncoprotein HBXIP is able to activate the transcriptional coregulatory
protein LMO4 through
transcription factor Sp1 in promotion of proliferation of
breast cancer cells. HBXIP may serve as a driver gene to activate transcription in the development of
cancer.