Protective effects of dietary EPA and DHA on ischemia-reperfusion-induced intestinal stress.

Abstract

The immunoregulatory effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids are still not fully characterized. The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake limits intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. To test this, rats were fed either control or EPA/DHA supplemented diet for 3 weeks following which they underwent either a sham or an IR surgical protocol. A significant reduction in mucosal damage was observed after EPA/DHA supplemented diet as reflected by maintenance of total protein content. To address the underlying mechanisms of protection, we measured parameters of oxidative stress, intestinal and serological cytokines and intestinal eicosanoids. Interestingly, EPA/DHA fed animals displayed a higher activity of oxidative stress enzyme machinery, i.e., superoxide dismutase and catalase in addition to a reduction in total nitrate/nitrite content. While no changes in cytokines were observed, eicosanoid analyses of intestinal tissue revealed an increase in metabolites of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway following IR. Further, IR in EPA/DHA fed animals was accompanied by a significant increase of 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 8-Iso prostaglandin F(3α) and thromboxane B(3), by more than 12-, 6-, 3-fold, respectively. Thus, the data indicate that EPA/DHA supplementation may be able to reduce early intestinal IR injury by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

• Authors: Viral Brahmbhatt, Manuel Oliveira, Muriel Briand, Geneviève Perrisseau, Viktoria Bastic Schmid, Frédéric Destaillats, Cecil Pace-Asciak, Jalil Benyacoub, Nabil Bosco
• Journal: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (J Nutr Biochem) Vol. 24 Issue 1 Pg. 104-11 (Jan 2013) ISSN: 1873-4847 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22819560 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Arachidonic Acids
• Cytokines
• Eicosanoids
• Fatty Acids
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Thromboxanes
• 17,18-epoxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
• Docosahexaenoic Acids
• Eicosapentaenoic Acid
• Catalase
• Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase
• Superoxide Dismutase
• thromboxane B3

Topics

• Animals
• Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase (metabolism)
• Arachidonic Acids (metabolism)
• Catalase (metabolism)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Dietary Supplements
• Docosahexaenoic Acids (pharmacology)
• Eicosanoids (metabolism)
• Eicosapentaenoic Acid (pharmacology)
• Fatty Acids (analysis, chemistry)
• Intestinal Mucosa (metabolism)
• Intestine, Small (drug effects, metabolism)
• Intestines (blood supply, drug effects)
• Male
• Mesenteric Arteries (surgery)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Reperfusion Injury (metabolism, prevention & control)
• Superoxide Dismutase (metabolism)
• Thromboxanes (metabolism)