Oral treatment with the d-enantiomeric peptide D3 improves the pathology and behavior of Alzheimer's Disease transgenic mice.

Abstract	Several lines of evidence suggest that the amyloid-β-peptide (Aβ) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Not only Aβ fibrils but also small soluble Aβ oligomers in particular are suspected to be the major toxic species responsible for disease development and progression. The present study reports on in vitro and in vivo properties of the Aβ targeting d-enantiomeric amino acid peptide D3. We show that next to plaque load and inflammation reduction, oral application of the peptide improved the cognitive performance of AD transgenic mice. In addition, we provide in vitro data elucidating the potential mechanism underlying the observed in vivo activity of D3. These data suggest that D3 precipitates toxic Aβ species and converts them into nonamyloidogenic, nonfibrillar, and nontoxic aggregates without increasing the concentration of monomeric Aβ. Thus, D3 exerts an interesting and novel mechanism of action that abolishes toxic Aβ oligomers and thereby supports their decisive role in AD development and progression.
Authors	Susanne Aileen Funke, Thomas van Groen, Inga Kadish, Dirk Bartnik, Luitgard Nagel-Steger, Oleksandr Brener, Torsten Sehl, Renu Batra-Safferling, Christine Moriscot, Guy Schoehn, Anselm H C Horn, Andreas Müller-Schiffmann, Carsten Korth, Heinrich Sticht, Dieter Willbold
Journal	ACS chemical neuroscience (ACS Chem Neurosci) Vol. 1 Issue 9 Pg. 639-48 (Sep 15 2010) ISSN: 1948-7193 [Electronic] United States
PMID	22778851 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	D3 peptide Oligopeptides
Topics	Administration, Oral Alzheimer Disease (drug therapy, pathology, psychology) Animals Cognition (drug effects, physiology) Disease Models, Animal Female Humans Maze Learning (drug effects, physiology) Mice Mice, Transgenic Oligopeptides (administration & dosage, chemistry) Protein Structure, Secondary Protein Structure, Tertiary Stereoisomerism Treatment Outcome

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