CADM1/TSLC1 is a novel cell surface marker for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Abstract

CADM1/TSLC1 (Cell adhesion molecule 1/Tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1) is a cell adhesion molecule that was originally identified as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer. CADM1/TSLC1 expression is reduced in a variety of cancers via promoter methylation, and this reduction is associated with poor prognosis and enhanced metastatic potential. In contrast, we observed that CADM1/TSLC1 is highly and ectopically expressed in all primary adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) cells and in most human T-cell leukemia virus type (HTLV)-1-infected T-cell and ATLL cell lines. No expression, however, was detected in CD4+ T cells or in several other non-HTLV-1-infected leukemia cells. Moreover, we identified that high CADM1/TSLC1 expression plays an important role in enhanced cell-cell adhesion to the vascular endothelium, tumor growth and the ability of ATLL cells to infiltrate organs. We developed various antibodies as diagnostic tools to identify CADM1+ ATLL cells. Using flow cytometry, we determined that CADM1/TSLC1 is present on the surface of ATLL cells. The percentage of CD4+CADM1+ cells in the peripheral blood of HTLV-1 carriers and ATLL patients was highly correlated with the DNA copy number of HTLV-1 in lymphocytes. In particular, we identified the soluble form of CADM1/TSLC1 in the peripheral blood of HTLV-1 carriers and ATLL patients. Therefore, measurements of soluble CADM1/TSLC1 serum levels and the detection of CD4+CADM1+ cells in the blood, when combined with standard diagnostic methods, would be useful for identifying and monitoring disease progression in HTLV-1 carriers. Such tests would provide increased accuracy and may aid in early diagnosis and in determining the effects of ATLL treatments.

• Authors: Shingo Nakahata, Kazuhiro Morishita
• Journal: Journal of clinical and experimental hematopathology : JCEH (J Clin Exp Hematop) Vol. 52 Issue 1 Pg. 17-22 ( 2012) ISSN: 1880-9952 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 22706526 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• CADM1 protein, human
• Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
• Cell Adhesion Molecules
• Immunoglobulins
• Tumor Suppressor Proteins

Topics

• Biomarkers, Tumor (blood)
• CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (metabolism, virology)
• Cell Adhesion
• Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
• Cell Adhesion Molecules (blood)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
• Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
• Humans
• Immunoglobulins (blood)
• Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell (blood, diagnosis, therapy, virology)
• Tumor Suppressor Proteins (blood)