Abstract |
I here propose an individualized renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor-based combination therapy with calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) or with diuretics, based on the 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure (BP) profiles and central pressure in relation to the target organ damage in high-risk hypertensive patients. For high-risk patients with increased circulating volume, such as that caused by chronic kidney disease (CKD) or congestive heart failure (CHF), who are likely to exhibit a non-dipper/riser pattern of nocturnal BP fall, diuretics are recommended in combination with a RAS inhibitor to reduce nocturnal BP preferentially. For high-risk patients with arterial diseases such as cardiovascular disease and increased arterial stiffness, who are likely to exhibit exaggerated BP variability, such as morning BP surge and day-to-day BP variability, a CCB is recommended for use in combination with a RAS inhibitor to reduce BP variability and central BP. In particular, bedtime dosing of a RAS inhibitor targeting sleep-early morning activation of RAS may be particularly effective for cardiorenal protection.
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Authors | Kazuomi Kario |
Journal | Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH
(J Am Soc Hypertens)
2010 Sep-Oct
Vol. 4
Issue 5
Pg. 215-8
ISSN: 1933-1711 [Print] United States |
PMID | 20728424
(Publication Type: Editorial)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2010 American Society of Hypertension. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Diuretics
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Topics |
- Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
- Calcium Channel Blockers
(therapeutic use)
- Diuretics
(therapeutic use)
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Humans
- Hypertension
(diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology)
- Renin-Angiotensin System
(drug effects)
- Risk Factors
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