In vitro levels of cytokines in response to purified protein derivative (PPD) antigen in a population with high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Abstract

The control of mycobacterial infection by the host depends on cell-mediated immunity (CMI), involving activated macrophages, T cells, and type 1 cytokines (Th1). Here we evaluated the capacity of antigen-induced proliferation by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the production of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 12 (IL-12p40). The Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokines interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) in 62 pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients (40 Warao indigenous patients [WP] and 22 Creole non-indigenous patients [CP]) and 24 healthy controls (12 Warao indigenous controls [WC] and 12 Creole non-indigenous controls [CC]) at 24 and 48 hours in response to purified protein derivative (PPD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The overall results revealed that testing of CP and CC' PBMCs for TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 production was higher compared with WP and WC' PBMCs after stimulating for 24 and 48 hours (p < 0.0001), within the WP group, the lower productions of IL-12p40 and IFN-γ significantly correlated (r(2) = 0.91, p < 0.01). Although in general there was interindividual variability in the observed responses of Th2 cytokines, especially with IL-4, there was a trend to produce higher PPD-induced IL-5 by WP' PBMCs compared with WC' PBMCs and CP' PBMCs at 24 and 48 hours, respectively. High IL-5 production correlated inversely with low IFN-γ production (r(2) = -0.97, p < 0.002). In conclusion, our results suggest that PPD-induced responses observed in patients from both populations can be divided into two groups: one group that activates Creole' PBMCs to preferentially secrete TNF-α, IL-12p40 and IFN-γ and another group that activates preferential secretion of IL-5 in Warao' PBMCs.

• Authors: Francesca Giampietro, Jacobus H de Waard, Bruno Rivas-Santiago, José Antonio Enciso-Moreno, Antonio Salgado, Zaida Araujo
• Journal: Human immunology (Hum Immunol) Vol. 71 Issue 11 Pg. 1099-104 (Nov 2010) ISSN: 1879-1166 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20650294 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2010 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Cytokines
• Tuberculin

Topics

• Adult
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Cytokines (biosynthesis, genetics)
• Female
• Humans
• Leukocytes, Mononuclear (drug effects, immunology, metabolism, pathology)
• Lymphocyte Activation (drug effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (immunology, pathogenicity)
• Population Groups
• Prevalence
• Th1 Cells (drug effects, immunology)
• Th1-Th2 Balance (drug effects)
• Th2 Cells (drug effects, immunology)
• Tuberculin (pharmacology)
• Tuberculosis, Pulmonary (epidemiology, immunology)
• Venezuela