Cancer metastasis involves multiple processes which may complicate clinical management and even lead to death.
Matrix metalloproteinases (
MMPs) play an important role in
cancer cell invasion,
metastasis and angiogenesis, depending on whether agents can inhibit
MMPs which could lead to inhibition of the migration and invasion of
cancer cells.
Curcumin, the active constituent of the dietary spice turmeric, has potential for the prevention and
therapy of
cancer. However, there is no study to address the effects of
curcumin on migration and invasion of mouse-rat hybrid retina
ganglion cells (N18). This is the first study to explore the anti-migration and -invasion of
curcumin in mouse-rat hybrid retina
ganglion cells (N18) in vitro.
Curcumin exerted a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on the invasion and migration of N18 cells in vitro. Results from Western blotting showed that
curcumin inhibited the
protein levels of PKC, FAK,
NF-kappaB p65 and Rho A leading to the inhibition of ERK1/2, MKK7, COX-2 and ROCK1, respectively, finally causing the inhibition of MMP-2 and -9 for the inhibition of migration and invasion of N18 cells. Moreover, this action was involved in the inhibition of gene expression of MMP-2 and -7, FAK, ROCK1 and Rho A. Overall, the above data show that the anticancer effect of
curcumin also exists for the inhibition of migration and invasion in N18 cells, and that
curcumin may be a powerful candidate for developing preventive agents for
cancer metastasis.