Fibroblasts from patients with
pulmonary fibrosis express higher levels of the receptor for
urokinase, and the extent of
fibrosis in some animal models exhibits a dependence on the
urokinase receptor. Recent observations have identified the
urokinase receptor as a trans-interacting receptor with consequences on signaling and cell responses that vary depending on its interacting partner, the relative levels of expression, and the state of cellular transformation. We undertook this study to define the
urokinase-type plasminogen activator cellular receptor (u-PAR)-
integrin interactions and to determine the functional consequences of such interactions on normal human lung fibroblast attachment and migration. u-PAR colocalizes in lammelipodia/filopodia with relevant
integrins that mediate fibroblast attachment and spreading on the provisional matrix
proteins vitronectin,
fibronectin, and
collagens. Inhibitory antibody studies have revealed that human lung fibroblasts utilize alpha(v)beta(5) to attach to
vitronectin, predominantly alpha(5)beta(1) (and alpha(v)beta(3)) to attach to
fibronectin, and alpha(1)beta(1), alpha(2)beta(1), and alpha(3)beta(1) to attach to
collagen. Blocking studies with alpha-
integrin subunit decoy
peptides and u-PAR
neutralizing antibodies indicate that u-PAR modulates the
integrin-mediated attachment to purified provisional matrix
proteins, to anti-
integrin antibodies, or to fibroproliferative lesions from fibrotic lungs. Furthermore, these decoy
peptides blunt fibroblast spreading and migration. We show that u-PAR can interact with multiple
alpha-integrins but with a preference for alpha(3). Taken together, these data demonstrate that u-PAR may interact with multiple
integrins in normal human lung fibroblasts thereby promoting attachment, spreading, and migration. Modulation of fibroblast invasion would be expected to lead to amelioration of fibroproliferative diseases of the lung.