Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase, Healthstar, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using the search terms " nitric oxide," "clinical trial," and "newborn" and covering 1985-2006. We also searched abstracts of the Pediatric Academic Societies. RESULTS: Eleven randomized, controlled trials of inhaled nitric oxide therapy for preterm infants were found. The trials were grouped into 3 categories according to the entry criteria, that is, entry in the first 3 days of life on the basis of oxygenation criteria (early rescue), enrollment after 3 days on the basis of elevated risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and routine use for intubated preterm infants. Early rescue treatment based on oxygenation criteria did not seem to affect mortality or bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates. Routine use for intubated preterm infants showed a barely significant reduction in the incidence of the combined outcome of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (relative risk [RR]: 0.91 [95% confidence limits (CLs): 0.84, 0.99]). Later treatment based on the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia showed no significant effect on this outcome. Early rescue treatment showed a trend toward increased incidence of severe intracranial hemorrhage, whereas routine use for intubated preterm infants seemed to show a reduction in the incidence of either severe intracranial hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia (RR: 0.70 [95% CLs: 0.53, 0.91]). CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Keith J Barrington, Neil N Finer |
Journal | Pediatrics
(Pediatrics)
Vol. 120
Issue 5
Pg. 1088-99
(Nov 2007)
ISSN: 1098-4275 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 17974747
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Systematic Review)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Administration, Inhalation
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Premature
(physiology)
- Infant, Premature, Diseases
(drug therapy, epidemiology)
- Nitric Oxide
(administration & dosage, adverse effects)
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
(methods)
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